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Interactive effects of elevated CO2 concentration, drought and nitrogen nutrition on malting quality of spring barley
Simor, J. ; Klem, Karel ; Psota, V.
Elevated CO2 concentration [EC] generally leads to increased rates of photosynthesis, increased formation of assimilates and finally to storing them in the grain. Increased storage of starch in the grain, however, leads to an unbalanced proportion to the proteins, and their relative content decreases. This is particularly apparent in the conditions of nitrogen deficiency. The interactive effects of EC, nitrogen nutrition and reduced water availability are, however, not yet sufficiently understood. Within the manipulation experiment in open top chambers (Domaninek near Bystrice nad Pernstejnem) that allow simulation of EC (expected by the end of this century 700 ppm) and drought, the effect of these interactions on protein content, and other quality parameters of spring barley grain was studied. EC reduced grain protein content, increased extract, Kolbach index and also summary Malting quality index. Such effect was more pronounced under higher nitrogen dose, which generally worsened malting quality parameters. Reduced water availability slightly enhanced all malting quality parameters and also showed slight synergistic effect to EC. No clear interactive effects on malting quality were found for nitrogen nutrition and water availability.
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Quick determination of compounds contained in caraway (Carum carvi L.) by a method usable in agricultural practice
Horáčková, L. ; Pluháčková, H. ; Bradáčová, M. ; Kudláčková, Barbora
Caraway is a very important agricultural commodity whose quality is determined by parameters such as dry matter, essential oil content and composition, especially the ratio of its two major components carvone and limonene. Appropriate method for their analysis is given in the Cesky lekopis (2017), however, this method is rather time-consuming, costly and demands large quantity of sample. The use of a NIR spectrometer could be a viable alternative, it is much faster and cheaper, as can be clearly seen from the comparison of both methods in this paper. In the time aspect, it's saving from many hours to a few minutes. Newly presented method could potentially be more accessible to agricultural companies who need quick quality verification of their product before taking it to the market from the viewpoint of final product quality not just the quantity, which, in most cases, is nowadays a current state of practice.
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